I-chip engundoqo yekhamera - inzwa yesithombe seCMOS

I-chip engundoqo yekhamera - umfanekiso weCMOS

isivamvo

I-CMOS (i-metal oxide semiconductor eyongezelelweyo) ingcamango yokusebenza kwesivamvo somfanekiso yayibonwa kwisiqingatha sesibini seminyaka yee-1960, kodwa isixhobo asizange sithengiswe de iteknoloji ye-microfabrication yavela ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yee-1990.I-CCD (isixhobo esidityanisiweyo sokutshaja) okanye i-CMOS (i-metal oxide semiconductor eyongezelelweyo) izivamvo zemifanekiso zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiikhamera zedijithali kunye neeselfowuni zanamhlanje.

I-CCD kunye ne-CMOS zombini zizixhobo ze-semiconductor ezisebenza "njengamehlo e-elektroniki."

Bobabini basebenzisa i-photodiodes, kodwa iinkqubo zabo zokuvelisa kunye neendlela zokufunda umqondiso ziyahluka.Nangona itekhnoloji yeCCD yayithandwa ekuqaleni ngenxa yobuntununtunu obuphezulu kunye nomgangatho wemifanekiso, abenzi boluvo be-CMOS baqala ukodlula iisenso zeCCD kumthamo wokuthumela oqala kwi-2004.

Izinga ledatha likhawuleza kuneCCD.
Uluhlu lwee-capacitors kwisixhobo esine-charge-coupled device (CCD) inzwa yomfanekiso ithwala intlawulo yombane ngokokukhanya kokukhanya kwepikseli.Imixholo ye-capacitor nganye idluliselwa kummelwane wayo ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka solawulo, kwaye i-capacitor yokugqibela kwi-array ikhupha intlawulo yayo kwi-amplifier yentlawulo.Abenzi boluvo beCCD baziwa ngendlela yokuhambisa idatha yebhakethi-brigade.

Isivamvo somfanekiso we-metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS).

kwelinye icala, iqulethe i-photodiode kunye ne-CMOS transistor switch kwi-pixel nganye, evumela ukuba iimpawu ze-pixel zikhuliswe ngokwahlukileyo.Iimpawu zepixel zinokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ngokulandelelanayo, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kune-CCD yoluvo, ngokuguqula i-matrix yokutshintsha.Olunye uncedo lokuba ne-amplifier ye-pixel nganye kukuba iyancipha ingxolo evela ngelixa ufunda iimpawu zombane eziguqulwe ekukhanyeni okuqokelelweyo.

Izibonisi zemifanekiso ye-CMOS azibizi kakhulu ukuvelisa kune-CCD zokubona imifanekiso kuba izixhobo ezikhoyo zokuvelisa i-semiconductor zingaphinda zisetyenziswe kwimveliso yazo.Ngokungafaniyo nabenzi boluvo beCCD, abasebenzisa iisekethe ze-analog eziphezulu ze-voltage, abenzi boluvo be-CMOS basebenzisa iisekhethi zedijithali ezincinci ezidla amandla amancinci kwaye, ngokwethiyori, ayinayo i-smear (i-streak emhlophe ethe nkqo kumfanekiso okhanyayo) kunye nokuqhakaza (ukonakala kwemifanekiso enjalo. njengamabala amhlophe).Ngenxa yokuba i-logic yesekethe inokudityaniswa kwi-chip ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa, izinzwa ze-CMOS ezinesekethe yokusetyenzwa kwemifanekiso ekwi-chip ziyaphuhliswa kwizicelo ezinje ngokwaziwa komfanekiso kunye nombono owenziweyo, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ngoku.

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